- Oceaniidae Eschscholtz 1829
- Ochotonidae Thomas 1897
- Oculinidae Gray 1847
- Ocypodidae Rafinesque 1815
- Ocyropsidae Harbison & Madin 1982
- Odobenidae Allen 1880
- Odontaspididae J.P. Müller & Henle 1839
- Odontobutidae Hoese & A.C. Gill 1993
- Oenonidae Kinberg 1865
- Ogcocephalidae Gill 1893
- Oithonidae Dana 1853
- Okadaiidae Baba 1930
- Oleaceae Hoffmannsegg & Link 1809
- Olindiidae Haeckel 1879
- Olividae Latreille 1825
- Ollulanidae Skryabin & Shikhobalova 1952
- Ommastrephidae Steenstrup 1857
- Onchidiidae Rafinesque 1815
- Onchocercidae Chabaud & Anderson 1959
- Opecoelidae Ozaki 1925
- Opheliidae Malmgren 1867
- Ophiacanthidae Ljungman 1867
- Ophiactidae Matsumoto 1915
- Ophichthidae Günther 1870
- Ophidiasteridae Verrill 1870
- Ophidiidae Rafinesque 1810
- Ophiocomidae Ljungman 1867
- Ophiodermatidae Ljungman 1867
- Ophiolepididae Ljungman 1867
- Ophiotrichidae Ljungman 1867
- Ophiuridae Müller & Troschel 1840
- Opistognathidae Bonaparte 1835
- Oplegnathidae J. Richardson 1840
- Oplophoridae Dana 1852
- Oreasteridae Fisher 1911
- Orectolobidae Gill 1896
- Ormyridae Förster 1856
- Orussidae Newman 1834
- Osmeridae D.E. McAllister 1963
- Osphronemidae Bleeker 1859
- Ostraciidae Rafinesque 1810
- Ostreidae Rafinesque 1815
- Otariidae Gray 1825
- Oxalidaceae R. Brown 1818
- Oxyuridae Weinland 1858
- Ozobranchidae Pinto 1921